RITUAL MAGI DALAM BUDAYA MASYARAKAT MUSLIM BANTEN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24090/ibda.v13i2.660Keywords:
ritual, magi, makna, budaya, muslim BantenAbstract
This article discusses various magical rituals and their meaningsfor Muslim society of Banten. How the meanings and functions of rituals; what kinds of magical rituals used and practiced by Muslim society of Banten become two main focuses of this article; besides, it also tries to analyze how Muslim society of Banten understand the various magical rituals. This article is the result of a field research using ethnographical method based on anthropological perspective. To analyze the data, the researcher uses structural-functional approach. Library research, participant-observation, and depth-interview are the methods used to collectthe data. Performing various magical rituals for the practicians of magic in Banten is a very important action that must be conducted by the magicians or someone who learns magical sciences. Magical ritual becomes an important condition for the successfulness of magic. If they do not this, there is a belief that they will fail in obtaining the magical effects. Magical ritual should be also conducted in certain places and certain time withvarious magical formula and magical actions under the supervision of magicians. The use of these magical rituals becomes a portrait of the pragmatical life style of Bantenese society who still believes in magical powers.Downloads
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References
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Bell, Catherine. 1992. Ritual Theory, Ritual Practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
________. 1997. Ritual Perspectives and Dimensions. New York: Oxford University Press.
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Durkheim, Emile. 1995. The Elementary Forms of Religious Life. Transl. Karen E. Fields. New York: The Free Press.
Eller, Jack David. 2007. Introducing Anthropology of Religion. Culture to the Ultimate. New York & London: Routledge.
Frazer, S.J. George. 1933. The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion. London: Macmillan.
Freeland, F. Hughes. (ed.). 1998. Ritual, Performance, and Media. London:Routledge.
Grimes, Ronald L. 1982. Beginning in Ritual Studies. Washington: University Press of America.
Gruenwald, Ithamar. 2003. Rituals and Ritual Theory in Ancient Israel. Leiden & Boston: Brill.
Hartarta, Arif. 2010. Mantra Pengasihan. Rahasia Asmara dalam ‘Klenik’ Jawa. Bantul: Kreasi Wacana.
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Hudaeri, Mohammad dkk. 2007. Tasbih dan Golok. Kedudukan, Peran, dan Jaringan Kiyai dan Jawara di Banten. Serang: Biro Humas Setda Provinsi Banten.
Kartodirdjo, Sartono. 1966. The Peasant Revolt of Banten in 1888: its Conditions, Course and Sequel. (A case study of Social movements in Indonesia. ‘s-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff.
Khadziq. 2009. Islam dan Budaya Lokal. Belajar Memahami Realitas Agama dalam Masyarakat. Yogyakarta: Teras.
Koentjaraningrat. 1974. Beberapa Pokok Antropologi Sosial, 2nd ed. Jakarta: PT. Dian Rakjat.
Langer, Suzanne. 1948. Philosophy in a New Key. New York: Routledge Classics.
Malefijt, Anne Marie de Waal. 1968. Religion and Culture. New York and London: The Macmillan Company and Collier-Macmillan.
Malinowski, Bronislaw. 1954. Magic, Science and Religionand Other Essays. New York: Doubleday & Company, INC.
Mauss, Marcel. 2005. A General Theory of Magic. London and Newyork: Routledge.
Nye, Malory. 2002. Religion the Basics, 2nd ed. London and New York: Routledge.
Rappaport, Roy. 1999. Religion and Ritual in the Making of Humanity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Schroeder, Ralph. 1992. Max Weber and the Sociology of Culture. London: Sage Publications.
Solikhin, Oman & Akhmad Supriyatna. 2003. Golok Ciomas. Hikayat dan Keistimewaannya. Serang: Spora Pustaka.
Tambiah, Stanley J. 1979. A Performative Approach to Ritual. London: The British Academy and Oxford University Press.
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Wawancara
Wawancara dengan Ai (35 th), seorang dukun, di Ciomas Padarincang Serang Banten, 30 Agustus 2012.
Wawancara dengan Bapak Bsn, (60 thn), seorang dukun, Desa Batu Kuwung, Padarincang Serang Banten, 12 Oktober 2011.
Wawancara dengan Bpk. Ade, 35 thn, di Cisungsang, 12 November 2012.
Wawancara dengan Bpk. BS, dukun, Batukuwung, Padarincang, Serang Banten, 27 September 2012.
Wawancara dengan Bpk. Dr, ahli hikmah, Cipare Jaya, Serang Banten, 7 Oktober 2012.
Wawancara dengan Bpk. Dyt, 60 thn, seorang dukun, Padarincang, Serang, Banten, 2 Maret 2011.
Wawancara dengan Bpk. I.S., 33 thn, di Cilehem, Padarincang, Serang Banten, 23 April 2012.
Wawancara dengan Bpk. Ktr, 43 thn, seorang dukun, di Cipare Jaya, Serang, Banten, 12 Juni 2012.
Wawancara dengan Bpk. M.H., Barugbug Padarincang Serang Banten, 5 Oktober 2012.
Wawancara dengan Bpk. Sdrjt, (70 thn), ahli hikmah di Mandala, Lebak Banten, 7 Juli 2012.
Wawancara dengan K.H. A.Ab, 60 thn, Ciomas, Serang, Banten, 25 April 2011.
Wawancara dengan K.H. Muhaimin, Pimpinan Pesantren dan pemegang warisan ritual Golok Ciomas, 24 Januari 2013.
Wawancara dengan K.H.F., ahli hikmah, Ciomas, Serang, Banten, 12 Desember 2012.
Wawancara dengan Tb. B.M., Serang, Banten, 12 Oktober 2011.
Wawancara dengan Ust. Mnwr, ahli hikmah, Kp. Terumbu, Serang, Banten, 12 September 2011.
Bell, Catherine. 1992. Ritual Theory, Ritual Practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
________. 1997. Ritual Perspectives and Dimensions. New York: Oxford University Press.
Bowie, Fiona. 2000. “Ritual Theory, Rites of Passage, and Ritual Violenceâ€. dalam Michael Lambek. (ed.) The Anthropology of Religion. Massachussets: Blackwell.
Bruinessen, Martin van. 1995. Kitab Kuning, Pesantren dan Tarekat: Tradisi-Tradisi Islam di Indonesia. Bandung: Mizan.
Dhavamony, Mariasusai. 1995. Fenomenologi Agama, cet.ke-11. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Durkheim, Emile. 1995. The Elementary Forms of Religious Life. Transl. Karen E. Fields. New York: The Free Press.
Eller, Jack David. 2007. Introducing Anthropology of Religion. Culture to the Ultimate. New York & London: Routledge.
Frazer, S.J. George. 1933. The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion. London: Macmillan.
Freeland, F. Hughes. (ed.). 1998. Ritual, Performance, and Media. London:Routledge.
Grimes, Ronald L. 1982. Beginning in Ritual Studies. Washington: University Press of America.
Gruenwald, Ithamar. 2003. Rituals and Ritual Theory in Ancient Israel. Leiden & Boston: Brill.
Hartarta, Arif. 2010. Mantra Pengasihan. Rahasia Asmara dalam ‘Klenik’ Jawa. Bantul: Kreasi Wacana.
Hinnels, John R. (ed.). 1984. Dictionary of Religions. England: The Penguin Book.
Hudaeri, Mohammad dkk. 2007. Tasbih dan Golok. Kedudukan, Peran, dan Jaringan Kiyai dan Jawara di Banten. Serang: Biro Humas Setda Provinsi Banten.
Kartodirdjo, Sartono. 1966. The Peasant Revolt of Banten in 1888: its Conditions, Course and Sequel. (A case study of Social movements in Indonesia. ‘s-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff.
Khadziq. 2009. Islam dan Budaya Lokal. Belajar Memahami Realitas Agama dalam Masyarakat. Yogyakarta: Teras.
Koentjaraningrat. 1974. Beberapa Pokok Antropologi Sosial, 2nd ed. Jakarta: PT. Dian Rakjat.
Langer, Suzanne. 1948. Philosophy in a New Key. New York: Routledge Classics.
Malefijt, Anne Marie de Waal. 1968. Religion and Culture. New York and London: The Macmillan Company and Collier-Macmillan.
Malinowski, Bronislaw. 1954. Magic, Science and Religionand Other Essays. New York: Doubleday & Company, INC.
Mauss, Marcel. 2005. A General Theory of Magic. London and Newyork: Routledge.
Nye, Malory. 2002. Religion the Basics, 2nd ed. London and New York: Routledge.
Rappaport, Roy. 1999. Religion and Ritual in the Making of Humanity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Schroeder, Ralph. 1992. Max Weber and the Sociology of Culture. London: Sage Publications.
Solikhin, Oman & Akhmad Supriyatna. 2003. Golok Ciomas. Hikayat dan Keistimewaannya. Serang: Spora Pustaka.
Tambiah, Stanley J. 1979. A Performative Approach to Ritual. London: The British Academy and Oxford University Press.
Tihami, M.A. “Kiai dan Jawara di Banten: Studi tentang Agama, Magi, dan Kepemimpinan di Desa Pasanggrahan Serang, Bantenâ€, Tesis, Universitas Indonesia Jakarta, 1992.
Turner, Victor. 1967. The Forest of Symbols. Aspects of Ndembu Ritual. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
Wallace, Anthony F.C. 1966. Religion: An Anthropological View. New York: Random House.
Williams, Michael C. 1990. Communism, Religion, and Revolt in Banten. Ohio: The Center for International Studies, Ohio University.
Wawancara
Wawancara dengan Ai (35 th), seorang dukun, di Ciomas Padarincang Serang Banten, 30 Agustus 2012.
Wawancara dengan Bapak Bsn, (60 thn), seorang dukun, Desa Batu Kuwung, Padarincang Serang Banten, 12 Oktober 2011.
Wawancara dengan Bpk. Ade, 35 thn, di Cisungsang, 12 November 2012.
Wawancara dengan Bpk. BS, dukun, Batukuwung, Padarincang, Serang Banten, 27 September 2012.
Wawancara dengan Bpk. Dr, ahli hikmah, Cipare Jaya, Serang Banten, 7 Oktober 2012.
Wawancara dengan Bpk. Dyt, 60 thn, seorang dukun, Padarincang, Serang, Banten, 2 Maret 2011.
Wawancara dengan Bpk. I.S., 33 thn, di Cilehem, Padarincang, Serang Banten, 23 April 2012.
Wawancara dengan Bpk. Ktr, 43 thn, seorang dukun, di Cipare Jaya, Serang, Banten, 12 Juni 2012.
Wawancara dengan Bpk. M.H., Barugbug Padarincang Serang Banten, 5 Oktober 2012.
Wawancara dengan Bpk. Sdrjt, (70 thn), ahli hikmah di Mandala, Lebak Banten, 7 Juli 2012.
Wawancara dengan K.H. A.Ab, 60 thn, Ciomas, Serang, Banten, 25 April 2011.
Wawancara dengan K.H. Muhaimin, Pimpinan Pesantren dan pemegang warisan ritual Golok Ciomas, 24 Januari 2013.
Wawancara dengan K.H.F., ahli hikmah, Ciomas, Serang, Banten, 12 Desember 2012.
Wawancara dengan Tb. B.M., Serang, Banten, 12 Oktober 2011.
Wawancara dengan Ust. Mnwr, ahli hikmah, Kp. Terumbu, Serang, Banten, 12 September 2011.
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Published
2015-10-10
How to Cite
Ayatullah, H. (2015). RITUAL MAGI DALAM BUDAYA MASYARAKAT MUSLIM BANTEN. IBDA` : Jurnal Kajian Islam Dan Budaya, 13(2), 26–52. https://doi.org/10.24090/ibda.v13i2.660
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