Imagined Common Enemy and the Counter Radicalism Efforts of Young Interfaith Community in Yogyakarta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24090/jimrf.v11i2.6083Keywords:
common enemy, countering radicalism, interfaith, youthAbstract
The radicalism discourse that has been quite widespread in the last two decades has produced various responses, ranging from counter-narrative, deradicalization, and counter-radicalism efforts. This paper investigates, specifically, some motives for countering radicalism organized by the young interfaith peacemaker community (YIPC) in Yogyakarta. Using an interpretive phenomenological approach, this qualitative research explores several motives behind the counter-radicalism movement that they have, at least, three dialectical reasons that trigger them to counter radicalism: collective awareness; imagined common enemy; and the claim of youthfulness. In particular, the factor of this common enemy was born as a result of the hyper-reality that has been created and disseminated by the government, the press, educational institutions which have been concerned with radicalism and terrorism. All these institutional roles systematically and massively stimulate the minds of young people about the dangers that must be fought. Thus their counter-radicalism efforts have sprung up in various forms and approaches.References
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Al-Qurtuby, Sumanto. “Reconciliation from Below: Indonesia’s Religious Conflict and Grassroot Agency for Peace.” Peace Research 44, no. 2 (2012): 135–162.
Amstrong, Karen. Berperang Demi Tuhan: Fundamentalisme Dalam Islam, Kristen Dan Yahudi. Translated by Yuliani Liputo. Jakarta: Serambi, 2001.
Amstrong, Karen, Tariq Ramadan, John L. Esposito, Dilwar Hussain, Imam Abdul Malik Mujahid, Vanita Gupta, Samana Siddiqui, et al. Islamofobia: Melacak Akar Ketakutan Terhadap Islam Di Dunia Barat. Translated by Pilar Muhammad Pabottingi. Bandung: Mizan, 2018.
Anderson, Benedict. Imagined Communities: Reflection on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. Translated by Omi Intan Naomi. Yogyakarta: INSIST Press & Pustaka Pelajar, 2008.
Anis, Elis Zuliati. “Countering Terrorist Narratives: Winning the Hearts and Minds of Indonesian Millenials.” 2018:189–210. KnE Social Sciences, n.d.
Bamualim, Chaider S., Hilman Latief, and Irfan Abubakar, eds. Kaum Muda Muslim Milenial: Konservatisme, Hibridasi Identitas, Dan Tantangan Radikalisme. Tangerang Selatan: Center for The Study of Religion and Culture (CSRC), 2018.
Banawiratma, J.B., and Zainal Abidin Bagir, eds. Dialog Antarumat Beragama: Gagasan Dan Praktik Di Indonesia. Jakarta: Mizan Publika dan CRCS UGM, 2010.
Beyer, Peter, and Lori Beaman, eds. Religion, Globalization and Culture. Leiden & Boston: Brill, 2007.
Bruinessen, Martin van. “Genealogies of Islamic Radicalism in Post-Suharto Indonesia.” South East Asia Research 10, no. 2 (July 2002): 117–154.
Csikszentimihalyi, M., and R. Larson. Being Adolescent, Conflict and Growth in the Teenage Years. New York: Basic Books, 1984.
Esposito, John L., and Derya Iner, eds. Islamophobia and Radicalization: Breeding Intolerance and Violence. Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019.
Gadamer, Hans-Georg. Truth and Method. Translated by Joel Weinsheimer and Donald G. Marshall. London: Continuum, 2004.
Gadd, David, and Tony Jefferson. Kriminologi Psikososial. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2013.
Halafoff, Anna. The Multifaith Movement: Global Risks and Cosmopolitan Solutions. New York & London: Springer, 2013.
Hardiman, F. Budi. Seni Memahami. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 2015.
Hasan, Noorhaidi. Narasi Dan Politik Identitas: Pola Penyebaran Dan Penerimaan Radikalisme Dan Terorisme Di Indonesia. Laporan Penelitian. Yogyakarta: Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Kalijaga bekerjasama dengan FKPT dan BNPT, 2013.
———. “Violent Activism, Islamic Ideology, and the Conquest of Public Space among Youth in Indonesia.” In Youth Identity and Social Transformation in Modern Indonesia. Leiden: Brill, 2016.
Hefner, Robert W., ed. Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Indonesia. New York: Routledge, 2018.
J. Rittel, Horst W., and Melvin M. Weber. “Dilemmas in a General Theory of Planning.” Policy Science 4, no. 2 (1973): 155–169.
Jaegher, Kris De, and Britta Hoyer. “Collective Action and the Common Enemy Effect.” Defence and Peace Economics (2014): 1–22.
Jonathan, Andreas. “Youth Initiatives in Countering Radicalism: A Case Study of Young Interfaith Peacemaker Community Indonesia.” In SHAPE SEA Research Project, 2019.
Jonathan, Andreas, Paulus Widjaya, and Fatimah Husein. “Fostering Religious Exclusivism and Political Pluralism in Indonesia Through Interfaith-Based Student Community.” 2018:53–70. KnE Social Sciences, 2016.
Kersten, Carool. Islam in Indonesia: The Contest for Societies, Ideas and Values. USA: Oxford University Press, 2015.
Kung, Hans. Global Responsibility: In Search of a New World Ethic. London: SCM Press Ltd, 1991.
Merdjanova, Ina, and Patrice Brodeur. Religion as a Conversation Starter: Interreligious Dialogue for Peacebuilding. New York: Contiuum International Publishing Group, 2009.
Naharong, Abdul Muis. “Terorisme Atas Nama Agama.” Jurnal Refleksi XIII, no. 5 (Oktober 2013).
Noor, Nina Mariani, and Ferry Muhammadsyah Siregar, eds. Social Ethics in Inter-Religious Interaction. Globethics.net Focus 21. Geneva: Globethics.net, 2015. Accessed September 6, 2019. www.globethics.net.
Nurish, Amanah. “The Myth of Religious Radicalism.” AL-ALBAB 9, no. 1 (June 2020): 107–122.
Piliang, Yasraf Amir. Dunia Yang Berlari. Yogyakarta: Cantrik Pustaka, 2017.
Pinker, Steven. Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress. London: Penguin Books, 2018.
Ritzer, George, and Jefrey Stepnisky. Teori Sosiologi. Translated by Rianayati Kusmini P. 10th ed. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2018.
Rusyana, Ayi Yunus. “Raising up 100.000 Young Peacemakers: Disseminating the Islamic Values of Peace among Muslim Youth,” n.d.
Saputra, Rangga Eka. Api Dalam Sekam: Keberagamaan Generasi Z. Tangerang Selatan: PPIM UIN Jakarta dan UNDP Indonesia, 2018.
Sarwono, Sarlito W. Psikologi Remaja. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2016.
Smith, Jonathan A., Paul Flowers, and Michael Larkin. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: Theory, Method and Research. London: Sage Publications Ltd, 2009.
Sternberg, Robert J., and Karin Sternberg. The Nature of Hate. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008.
Sunesti, Yuyun, Noorhaidi Hasan, and Muhammad Najib Azca. “Young Salafi-Niqabi and Hijrah: Agency and Identity Negotiation.” Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies 8, no. 2 (December 2018): 173–197.
Twenge, Jean M., and W. Keith Campbell. The Narcissism Epidemic: Living in the Age of Entitlement. New York, London, Toronto, Sydney: Free Press, 2009.
Unesco.org. “What Do We Mean by ‘Youth’?,” n.d. Accessed December 2, 2019. http://www.unesco.org/new/en/social-and-human-sciences/themes/youth/youth-definition/.
Utama, Abraham. “Badan Intelijen Menemukan 39% Mahasiswa Di Indonesia Radikal, Apa Tindak Lanjutnya?” BBC News, Mei 2018. Accessed April 14, 2020. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-43949279.
Waliyuddin, M. Naufal. “Perubahan Iklim Global, Gejolak Jagat Maya Dan Arah Kajian Al-Qur’an.” Peacenews, April 2020.
———. “Religious Expression of Millenial Muslims within Collective Narcissism Discourse in Digital Era.” Wawasan: Jurnal Ilmiah Agama dan Sosial Budaya 4, no. 2 (2019): 176–190.
Webel, Charles, and Johan Galtung, eds. Handbook of Peace and Conflict Studies. New York: Routledge, 2007.
Weber, Max. Sosiologi Agama. Translated by Yudi Santoso. Yogyakarta: IRCiSoD, 2012.
Wera, Marz. “Membingkai Ruang Dialog Beragama: Belajar Dari Hans Kung Dan Seyyed Hosein Nasr.” Societas Dei 4, no. 2 (Oktober 2017): 165–196.
Wille, Mona. “Countering Radicalisation and Violent Extremism (on Higher Education).” Master Thesis in Philosophy, University of Oslo, 2017.
Yanay, Niza. The Ideology of Hatred. New York: Fordham University Press, 2013.
“YIPC-Young Interfaith Peacemaker Community,” n.d. Accessed June 23, 2020. https://yipci.org/.
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Published
2022-08-22
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Waliyuddin, M. N. (2022). Imagined Common Enemy and the Counter Radicalism Efforts of Young Interfaith Community in Yogyakarta. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Raushan Fikr, 11(2), 169–184. https://doi.org/10.24090/jimrf.v11i2.6083
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