Wisdom and Mystical Thoughts on The Mirror-Tiles Art in Safavid Architectural Space and its Relationship With Sufism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24090/ibda.v19i2.4659Keywords:
Mirror-tiles art, Iranian-Islamic Architecture, Safavid dynasty, Mystical thoughts, SufismAbstract
The Mirror-tiles artwork is one of the latest initiatives of Iranian spiritual art which with its symbolic expression and mysterious character, conveys the revelations and mystical thoughts in the cover of matter and form to its audience and affects them consciously and unconsciously. This art is an esoteric language to convey intuitive concepts and to remind the way of their inherited life from the predecessors as traditional art has always been based on symbols and allegories and expresses the spirit of its time. The first peak of the Mirror-tiles used in architectural spaces in Iran coincided with the fusion of Sufism and Shi’ism in the early period of the Safavid Empire. The Safavid dynasty had Sufi roots and lineage, and among the Sufis, the inner language is the language of Shari’a and Truth, and the tools of that language are the symbol and indication. Has been rejected or neglected due to a lack of interest and attention to the registration of special documents, the secrets governing this system, new historical conditions, and profound and obvious developments in the realm of contemporary history. With the aim of the influence of the Persian mystical thoughts about the Mirror, this study with the available historical and contemporary sources and analyzing them deals with the hidden meanings in this art and reveals its connection with Sufism and Mysticism through mystical literature and its historical process.Downloads
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References
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http://negareh.shahed.ac.ir/article_52.html?lang=en [Last Access: 21/03/23]
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Awani, G.R., (1996). Spiritual Wisdom and Art: (Collection of Articles). First Edition, Tehran, Grrous Publishing. NBN: 1597277
Azaimabadi, H.G., (2012). Tadhkira-yi nishtar-i ishq: (Volume 1). Editor: H.S. Javadi, S.K., First Edition, Tehran, Publisher: Written Heritage. ISBN: 978-600-203-045-0; (Volume 1) ISBN: 978-600-203-046-7
Banks F., E., (1993). Nur Jahan: Empress of Mughal India. First Edition, Oxford, United Kingdom, England, University of Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195074888
Bolkhari, H., (2018). Illusion and Beauty Geometry: A study on the views of The Brethren of Sincerity on the wisdom of art and beauty. Second Edition, Tehran, Publisher: Academy of Art. ISBN: 978-964-232-041-7
Burckhardt, T., (2007), Fundamentals of Islamic Art. Translator: Nasri A., First Edition, Tehran, Haghighat Publication. NBN: 1105025; ISBN: 964-7040-93-8
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Gardner, H., (2015), Gardner’s Art Through the Ages: A concise global. Translator: Islamiah, M, & Darabi, H., et al. First Edition, Tehran, AGAH Publisher. NBN: 3855644
Grantovski, D., et al., (2006). Iranian history from the ancient to the present. Translator: Keshavarzi, K., Fourth Edition, Tehran, Publisher: Morvarid. ISBN: 978-964-8838-37-4
Hejazi, M., (2009). Sacred Geometry in Nature and Persian Architecture. Journal for the History of Science, Volume 6, Issue 2, Serial Number 2, (Summer and Autumn 2009), 15-36. ISSN: 1735-0573 https://jihs.ut.ac.ir/article_22386.html?lang=en [Last Access: 21/03/23]
Hekmat, N.A., (2006). Metaphysics of Imagination in Golshan-e-Raz Shabestari. Second Edition, Tehran, Publisher: Academy of Art. ISBN: 978-964-8802-63-4
Izutsu, T., (2000). Sufism and Taoism: a comparative study of key philosophical concepts. Translator: Gohari, M.J., Firs Edition, Tehran, Rozaneh Publishing. NBN: 7816820; ISBN: 964-334-027-9
Jamei, B., & Saeedi, M.R., (2000), A look at the historical monuments and buildings of Ardabil, Editor: Qanizade, B., Second Edition, Ardabil, Buick Jamei - Scientific & Cultural Publications. NBN: 72471
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Karimian.S, A., (2013). The Fundamental Principles of Aesthetics in Islamic Mysticism. First Edition, Tehran, Organization for the Study and Compilation of University Humanities Books (SMT). ISSN: 978-964-530-872-6
Khavandmir, A.M., (1991). History of Shah Ismail and Shah Tahmasb Safavid (zeil -e Habib al-siyar, ). Translator & Editor: Jarahi, M.A, Tehran, Gostareh Publication. NBN: 703947
Kiani, M.Y., (1997), Decorations related with the Iranian architecture of the Islamic period. First Edition, Tehran, Publisher: National Cultural Heritage Organization, Research Institute. NBN: 766728 https://www.mcth.ir [Last Access: 21/03/23]
Madkour, E., (2008), Symbolism in Ibn Arabi’s Thoughts, Translator: Vafaei, D., First Edition, Tehran, Center Publication. ISBN: 978-964-2130-26-9
Mohajeryzadeh, G., (2015). Hermes Structure in the Mysticism of Iran. Mysticism Studies, University of Kashan, Volume 1, Issue 21 And 0 (Spring & Summer 2015), 181-214. http://s-erfani.kashanu.ac.ir/article-1-750-en.html [Last Access: 21/03/23]
Mohamadianmansoor, S., & faramarzi, S. (2012). A Comparison Between Quasiperiodic Order of Shah Gereh and the Quasicrystal Structure of Silicon. University of Tehran, Honar-Ha-Ye-Ziba: Honar-Ha-YeTajassomi, Volume 4, Issue 50, (Autumn 2012), 69-80. DOI: 10.22059/jfava.2012.28940 https://jfava.ut.ac.ir/article_28940.html?lang=en [Picture 4], [Last Access: 21/03/23]
Motavali H., Y., (2008). Research on the position of Shi’ism and Sufism in the political structure of the Safavid state, Journal of History, Third Year, Serial Number 11, (Summer 2008), 188-170. https://www.magiran.com/paper/1065750 [Last Access: 21/03/23]
MullaSalehi, H. (1998). Iranian cinema: Glory Images in Islamic Architecture of Iran. Farabi Magazine, Serial Number 29, (Summer 1998), 4-31. https://www.noormags.ir/view/en/articlepage/311472 [Last Access: 21/03/23]
Najafi, M., (2009). Postmodern Revolution and Islamic Civilization: Fourth Wave of Islamic Awakening. Second Edition, Tehran, Publisher: Institute for Iranian Contemporary Historical Studies. NBN: 1244928 http://www.iichs.ir [Last Access: 21/03/23]
Payind, A. & McClimans, M., (n.d.). Key to Understanding the Middle East. Chapter Two: Faith and Religious Identity, The Ohio State University Pressbooks, (PB), Open Course Materials from Ohio State Instructors. https://ohiostate.pressbooks.pub/key2mideast/chapter/shiism [Last Acces s: 21/03/23]
Pelsaert, F. (1972). Jahangir’s India, the Remonstrantie of Francisco Pelsaert. Editors & Translators: Geyl P. & Moreland W.H., India: Idarah-iAdabiyt-i Delli.
[Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Open University Library. Cambridge W Heffer and Sons Ltd, (1925). 2005/05/19 Digital Version: https://archive.org/details/jahangirsindia035084mbp/page/n49/mode/2up], [Last Access: 21/03/23]
Poorzarrin, R. (2014). A Comparative Study of the Visual Signs of Persian Mirror work and the OP [Optical] Art Painting. Negareh Journal, Volume 8, Issue 27, Serial Number 27, (Spring 2014), 75-86. http://negareh.shahed.ac.ir/article_117.html [Last Access: 21/03/23]
Riazi, M., (1996). Illustrated Dictionary of Iranian Art Terms, First Edition, Tehran, Publisher: Al-Zahra University Research Association. NBN: - 772431
Roshna Kapadia, (2018). Bichitr, Jahangir Preferring a Sufi Shaikh to Kings. in ‘Smart history’, (September 14, 2018), Accessed September 6, 2020. https://smarthistory.org/bichitr-jahangir-preferring-a-sufi-shaikh-to-kings [Last Access: 21/03/23]
Taghavi, N., (2015). Study of the wisdom of the Mirror-tile in Islamicarchitecture. International Conference on Human, Architecture, Civil Engineering and the City, Tabriz. https://civilica.com/doc/409916 [Last Access: 21/03/23]
Torkaman, A., & Farshchian, AH. (2016). The productivity of mirror art in stylizing the architectural space according to the re-creation of Islamic architectural space. Volume 2, Number 10 & Volume 1 of Arts and Humanities Studies, (December 2016). 43-49. http://ensani.ir/fa/article/369901 [Last Access: 21/03/23]
http://fhnews.ir/fa/news/64402 [Picture 5], [Last Access: 21/03/23]
https://ganjoor.net [Persian poems], [Last Access: 21/03/23]
https://imamali.net/?id=6188 [Picture 1 - Photo reports], [Last Access: 21/ 03/23]
https://khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/south-east-se-asia/indiaart/a/bichtir-jahangirreferring-a-sufi-shaikh-to-kings [Picture 3 - Roshna Kapadia], [Last Access: 21/03/23]
https://quran.com [Quranic verses], [Last Access: 21/03/23]
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Published
2021-09-30
How to Cite
Sepehri, N. (2021). Wisdom and Mystical Thoughts on The Mirror-Tiles Art in Safavid Architectural Space and its Relationship With Sufism. IBDA` : Jurnal Kajian Islam Dan Budaya, 19(2), 291–314. https://doi.org/10.24090/ibda.v19i2.4659
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