Menakar Ulang Diskursus Menstruasi: Kajian atas Aturan Puasa bagi Perempuan Haid dalam Fikih sebagai Upaya Menghapus Stereotype dan Menstrual Taboo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24090/mnh.v16i1.6317Keywords:
Menstruation, Fasting, Rukhshah (Easing), Menstrual Taboo, Islamic Jurisprudence on WomenAbstract
The issue of menstruation has attracted a lot of attention from fiqh scholars to discuss it, because the scholars have tried to eradicate and abolish the myths surrounding menstruation that have existed for a long time. But if we want to take a closer look at the stipulations, more or less there are still stereotypes in treating menstruating women, although there are still debates in it. The explanation in fiqh still causes ambiguity in the argument why menstruating women are prohibited from fasting, is there still a misogynistic assumption about menstruation in fiqh, so that menstruating women are not allowed to fast? From this point of view, it is necessary to re-examine why menstruating women are prohibited from fasting, because the scholars of fiqh do not provide sufficient studies on various implications arising from the existence of the menstrual cycle, except for a global explanation of all the prohibitions that must be avoided for women menstruating. In the book of fiqh it is explained that fasting is forbidden for menstruating women because fasting is pure worship. This study concludes that by looking at the physical conditions experienced by menstruating women in general, the prohibition of menstruating women from fasting can be understood as people who are sick who get relief to break their fast for the benefit of and maintain their health. So the prohibition of a menstruating woman from fasting is a relief (rukhsah) from God to maintain the stability of her body, and it does not mean a prohibition, considering that the condition of a menstruating woman's body is not the same.Downloads
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References
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Razi, Fakhruddin al-. Tafsir Al-Kabir. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1998.
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Umar, Nasaruddin. Argumen Kesetaraan Gender Perspektif Al-Qur’an. Jakarta: Paramadina, 2001.
———. “Menstrual Taboo.” In Islam Dan Konstruksi Seksualitas, edited by Irwan Abdullah. Yogyakarta: PSW IAIN Suka dan Pustaka Pelajar, 2002.
Wafa, Thaifur. Tetes-Tetes Darah Perempuan. Yogyakarta: Titian Ilahi Press, 1996.
Abdullah, Irwan. “Menstruasi: Mitos Dan Konstruksi Kultural Atas Realitas Perempuan.” In Islam Dan Konstruksi Seksualitas, edited by Irwan Abdullah. Yogyakarta: PSW IAIN Suka dan Pustaka Pelajar, 2002.
Aiken, Lisa. To Be A Jawish Woman. London: Jason Aronson Inc., 1992.
Al-Bukhari, Imam. Sahih Al-Bukhari. Cairo: CD Mausu’ah Hadis asy-Syarif, 1998.
Al-Jamal, Ibrahim M. Fiqih Muslimah. Solo: CV Aneka, 1992.
Al-Jauziyyah, Ibn al-Qayyim. I’lām Al-Muwaqqi’īn ’an Rabb Al-‘Ālamīn. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1977.
Al-Jazīrī, Abdurrahman. Kitāb Al-Fiqh ‘alā Al-Mażāhib Al-‘Arba’Ah. Dār al-Fik. Beirut, 1963.
al-Kasani al-Hanafi, Ibnu Mas’ud. Bada’i Al-Sana’i. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1986.
Al-Zuhaili, Wahbah. Al-Fiqh Al-Islāmī Wa Adillatuh. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1992.
Anees, Munawar Ahmad. Islam Dan Masa Depan Biologis Umat Manusia: Etika, Gender, Teknologi. Bandung: Mizan, 1992.
Chaupadi, Robinson H. “The Afiction of Menses in Nepal.” International Journal of Womens Dermatology 1, no. 4 (2015): 193–94.
Dalton, Katharina. The Menstrual Cycle. London: Penguin Books, 1969.
Hasaballah, Ali. Uṣūl Al-Tasyrī’ Al-Islāmī. Cairo: Dār al-Ma’ārif, 1976.
Hawari, Dadang. Al-Qur’an Ilmu Kedokteran Jiwa Dan Kesehatan Jiwa. Yogyakarta: PT Dana Bhakti Prima Yasa, 1997.
Hazlitt, W. Carew. Faiths and Folklores of the British Isles. New York: Benjamin Bloom, 1965.
Hazm, Ibn. Al-Muhallā. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1977.
Hummam al-Hanafi, Ibnu. Syarh Fathu Al-Qadir. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1997.
Ibn Anas, Malik. Al-Muwattā’. Cairo: Dār al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1998.
Ilyas, Hamim. “Kodrat Perempuan: Kurang Akal Dan Kurang Agama.” In Perempuan Tertindas Kajian Hadis-Hadis Misoginis, edited by Hamim Ilyas. Yogyakarta: PSW IAIN Suka and Ford Foundation, 2003.
Knight, Chris. Blood Relations, Menstruation and Origin of Culture. London: Yale University Press, 1991.
Lanson, Lucienne. Dari Perempuan Untuk Perempuan. Surabaya: Usaha Nasional, 2005.
Lembaga al-Kitab Indonesia. Al-Kitab. Edisi Baha. Jakarta: Lembaga al-Kitab Indonesia, 1985.
Margatan, Arcole. Apa Yang Harus Anda Katakan Pada Putera-Puteri Anda Tentang Menstruasi. Solo: CV Aneka, 1992.
Maula, Bani Syarif. “Keniscayaan Pembacaan Ulang Tafsir Agama Untuk Menegaskan Kesetaraan Gender Dalam Kehidupan Keluarga Dan Masyarakat Islam.” Yinyang: Jurnal Studi Islam Gender Dan Anak 9, no. 1 (2014): 121–32.
Mugniyah, Muhammad Jawwad. Tafsir Al-Kasyif. Beirut: Dār al-Malayain, 1968.
Muhammad, Abd ar-Rahman, and Abdullah Ar-Rifa’i. Masā’il Al-Haid Wa an-Nifās Wa Al-Istihādah Fi as-Sunnah an-Nabawi. Cairo: Jami’ah al-Azhar Dirasat al-Islamiyah wa al-’Arabiyah, 1999.
Mujib, Abdul, and Maria Ulfah. Problematika Perempuan. Surabaya: Karya Abditama, 1994.
Najib, Agus Moh. “Bias Gender Dalam Kitab Fiqih.” In Gender Dan Islam, Teks Dan Konteks, edited by Agus Muhammad Najib. Yogyakarta: PSW IAIN Sunan Kalijaga, 2002.
Najm al-Hanafi, Zaid ad-Din Ibn al-. Bahr Ar-Ra’iq. Beirut: Dār al-Ma’rifah, 1993.
Najwa, Nurun. “Rekonstruksi Pemahaman Hadis-Hadis Perempuan.” UIN Sunan Kalijaga, 2004.
Nawawi, Muhyi ad-Din al-. Al-Majmu’ Syarh Al-Muhazzab. Cairo: Dār al-Kutub al-’Arabiyah, 1977.
Pritchard, Jack A. Obstetri Williams. Surabaya: Airlangga University Press, 1991.
Razi, Fakhruddin al-. Tafsir Al-Kabir. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1998.
Scheider, Susan Weidman. Jewish and Female, Choice and Changes in Our Lives To Day. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1984.
Syaukani, Imam al-. Nail Al-Autār. Cairo: Mustafa al-Bābi al-Halabi wa Auladuhu, 1961.
Thapa, Subash, and Arja R. Aro. “Menstruation Means Impurity: Multilevel Interventions Are Needed to Break the Menstrual Taboo in Nepal.” BMC Womens Health Journal 21, no. 1 (2021): 84.
Umar, Nasaruddin. Argumen Kesetaraan Gender Perspektif Al-Qur’an. Jakarta: Paramadina, 2001.
———. “Menstrual Taboo.” In Islam Dan Konstruksi Seksualitas, edited by Irwan Abdullah. Yogyakarta: PSW IAIN Suka dan Pustaka Pelajar, 2002.
Wafa, Thaifur. Tetes-Tetes Darah Perempuan. Yogyakarta: Titian Ilahi Press, 1996.
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Published
29-05-2022
How to Cite
Nuroniyah, W. (2022). Menakar Ulang Diskursus Menstruasi: Kajian atas Aturan Puasa bagi Perempuan Haid dalam Fikih sebagai Upaya Menghapus Stereotype dan Menstrual Taboo. Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam, 16(1), 59–76. https://doi.org/10.24090/mnh.v16i1.6317
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