Islam, Fatwa dan Negara: Meretas Pluralisme Hukum Perceraian di Aceh
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24090/mnh.v15i2.5150Keywords:
Legal Pluralism, Divorce, Ulama Consultative Council, FatwaAbstract
The pluralism of divorce in Aceh has had an impact on the current practice of divorce. Fatwa, Jurisprudence, and the State also color the pluralism of divorce law, each of which has a normative and sociological power base. The Aceh MPU's fatwa tends to legitimize divorce regulated in fiqh books while the State has a different view of divorce law. This paper is a doctrinal study with a legal pluralism approach. This article argues that in substance there is a significant difference between the divorce provisions in the fatwa, fiqh, and state law. Fatwa and fiqh share the same view that divorce without witnesses and taking place outside the court is still valid, as well as triple talaq, whether pronounced cumulatively or separately, is still subject to triple talaq, this provision is different from divorce law which is regulated by the state and practiced in religious courts.Downloads
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References
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Menski, Werner. Comparative Law in a Global Context the Legal Systems of Asia and Africa. London: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Merry, Sally Engle. "Legal Pluralism." Law & Society Review 22, no. 5 (1988): 869. https://doi.org/10.2307/3053638.
Muhdlor, Ahmad Zuhdi. "Perkembangan Metodologi Penelitian Hukum." Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan 1, no. 2 (July 31, 2012): 189. https://doi.org/10.25216/JHP.1.2.2012.189-206.
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Tusseau, Guillaume, ed. Debating Legal Pluralism and Constitutionalism: New Trajectories for Legal Theory in the Global Age. Vol. 41. Ius Comparatum - Global Studies in Comparative Law. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34432-0.
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Umam, Khairul. "Penyerapan Fiqh Madzhab Syafii dalam Penyusunan Kompilasi Hukum Islam." Journal de Jure 9, no. 2 (December 30, 2017): 117. https://doi.org/10.18860/j-fsh.v9i2.6991.
Zulkarnain, Zulkarnain. "Dinamika mazhab Shafii dengan cara Aceh: Studi tentang praktik mazhab di kalangan tokoh agama." Ijtihad Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan 15, no. 2 (January 22, 2016): 159. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijtihad.v15i2.159-176.
Alfitri, Alfitri. "Sharia Judges Role in Indonesia: Between The Common Law and The Civil Law Systems." Mazahib 16, no. 2 (August 30, 2017): 120. https://doi.org/10.21093/mj.v16i2.825.
Ali, Achmad. Menguak Teori Hukum & Teori Peradilan: Legal Theory & Judicialprudence. 5th ed. Jakarta: Kencana, 2013.
Amalia, Nanda, Mukhlis Mukhlis, and Yusrizal Yusrizal. "Model Penyelesaian Sengketa Dan Peradilan Adat Di Aceh." Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum 25, no. 1 (January 2018): 159–79. https://doi.org/10.20885/iustum.vol25.iss1.art8.
Azhary, Muhammad Tahir. "Hukum Perkawinan Islam dan UU No. 1 Tahun 1974." Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan 17, no. 1 (June 14, 2017): 49. https://doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol17.no1.1224.
Barcellos, Ana Paula de. "Brazil and Its Many Realities: Courts and State-Centrism; Administrative Agencies and International Cooperation." In Debating Legal Pluralism and Constitutionalism, edited by Guillaume Tusseau, 115–35. Ius Comparatum - Global Studies in Comparative Law. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34432-0_4.
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Bowen, John R. Islam, Law, and Equality in Indonesia an Anthropology of Public Reasoning. Cambridge, UK; New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
Corrin, Jennifer. "Constitutionalism and Customary Laws in Solomon Islands." In Debating Legal Pluralism and Constitutionalism, edited by Guillaume Tusseau, 273-304. Ius Comparatum - Global Studies in Comparative Law. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34432-0_9.
Djumala, Darmansjah. Soft Power untuk Aceh. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2013.
Feener, R. Michael. Sharia and Social Engineering: The Implementation of Islamic Law in Contemporary Aceh, Indonesia. First edition. Oxford Islamic Legal Studies. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, 2013.
Fombad, Charles Manga. "Reconciling Legal Pluralism and Constitutionalism: New Trajectories for Legal Theory in the Age of Globalisation in Botswana." In Debating Legal Pluralism and Constitutionalism, edited by Guillaume Tusseau, 103-13. Ius Comparatum - Global Studies in Comparative Law. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34432-0_3.
Friedman, Lawrence M. The Legal System: A Social Science Perspective. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1975.
Griffiths, John. "What Is Legal Pluralism?" The Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law 18, no. 24 (January 1986): 1-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/07329113.1986.10756387.
Grijns, Mies, and Hoko Horii. "Child Marriage in a Village in West Java (Indonesia): Compromises between Legal Obligations and Religious Concerns." Asian Journal of Law and Society 5, no. 2 (November 2018): 453-66. https://doi.org/10.1017/als.2018.9.
Gunawan, Noeranisa Adhadianty, and Nunung Nurwati. "Persepsi Masyarakat Pada Perceraian Society Perception Of Divorce." Share: Social Work Journal 9, no. 1 (August 5, 2019): 20. https://doi.org/10.24198/share.v9i1.19863.
Harahap, Ikhwanuddin. "Pluralisme Hukum Perkawinan Di Tapanuli Selatan." Miqot: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman 43, no. 1 (December 30, 2019): 64. https://doi.org/10.30821/miqot.v43i1.656.
Heaton, Tim, and Mark Cammack. "Explaining the Recent Upturn in Divorce in Indonesia: Developmental Idealism and the Effect of Political Change." Asian Journal of Social Science 39, no. 6 (2011): 776-96. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853111X619229.
Hosen, Nadirsyah. "Nahdlatul Ulama And Collective Ijtihad". New Zealand Journal of Asian Studies 6, no. 1 (2004): 22.
Ichwan, M. N. "Official Ulema and the Politics of Re-Islamization: The Majelis Permusyawaratan Ulama, Sharilhringatization and Contested Authority in Post-New Order Aceh." Journal of Islamic Studies 22, no. 2 (May 1, 2011): 183-214. https://doi.org/10.1093/jis/etr026.
Jamhir, Jamhir. "Revitalisasi Hukum Adat Di Aceh." Jurnal Justisia: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Perundang-Undangan Dan Pranata Sosial 1, no. 1 (July 8, 2020): 68–90. https://doi.org/10.22373/justisia.v1i1.2562.
Junaidi, Junaidi, Muhammad Rusdi Bin Muhammadiah, and Muhazir Muhazir. "Revitalisasi Penerapan Qanun Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Hukum Jinayat di Kota Langsa Aceh." Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam 14, no. 1 (June 2, 2020): 147–60. https://doi.org/10.24090/mnh.v14i1.3261.
Kharel, Amrit. "Doctrinal Legal Research." South African Journal of Higher Education 32, no. 1 (2018): 86. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3130525.
Kompas.com. "5 Bulan Terakhir, Kasus Perceraian Di Aceh Capai 2.397, Ternyata Ini Pemicunya." Regional.Kompas.com, June 11, 2020. https://regional.kompas.com/read/2020/06/11/14400081/5-bulan-terakhir-kasus-perceraian-di-aceh-capai-2.397-ternyata-ini-pemicunya.
Masyithoh, Novita Dewi. "Dialektika Pluralisme Hukum: Upaya Penyelesaian Masalah Ancaman Keberagaman dan Keberagamaan di Indonesia." Walisongo: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan 24, no. 2 (December 15, 2016): 359-78. https://doi.org/10.21580/ws.24.2.1289.
Maulana, Ridha, O D Kurniawati, D P Ananda, and Arsudian Putra. "Sistem Hukum Di Aceh Dan Kaitannya Dengan Pluralisme Hukum." Jurnal Geuth: Penelitian Multidisiplin 2, no. 3 (2019): 9.
Menski, Werner. Comparative Law in a Global Context the Legal Systems of Asia and Africa. London: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Merry, Sally Engle. "Legal Pluralism." Law & Society Review 22, no. 5 (1988): 869. https://doi.org/10.2307/3053638.
Muhdlor, Ahmad Zuhdi. "Perkembangan Metodologi Penelitian Hukum." Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan 1, no. 2 (July 31, 2012): 189. https://doi.org/10.25216/JHP.1.2.2012.189-206.
Naso, Pedro, Erwin Bulte, and Tim Swanson. "Legal Pluralism in Post-Conflict Sierra Leone." European Journal of Political Economy 61 (January 2020): 101819. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2019.101819.
Neo, Jaclyn L. "Legal Pluralism in Centralist Singapore." In Debating Legal Pluralism and Constitutionalism, edited by Guillaume Tusseau, 251-71. Ius Comparatum - Global Studies in Comparative Law. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34432-0_8.
Nirzalin, Nirzalin, and Yogi Febriandi. "Teungku Dayah Agency and Religious Social Capital on Drug Eradication in Aceh, Indonesia." Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik 23, no. 3 (May 21, 2020): 210. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsp.51061.
Psygkas, Athanasios. "Accommodating Legal Pluralism and Pluralizing the Constitution: The Example of the United Kingdom." In Debating Legal Pluralism and Constitutionalism, edited by Guillaume Tusseau, 305-31. Ius Comparatum - Global Studies in Comparative Law. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34432-0_10.
Ratnapala, Suri. Jurisprudence: An Introduction. Leiden: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
Regime Change, Democracy and Islam: The Case of Indonesia. Belanda: Universiteit Leiden, 2013.
Rumadi, Marzuki Wahid &. Fiqh Madzhab Negara: Kritik atas Politik Hukum Islam di Indonesia. Lkis Pelangi Aksara, 2001.
Salim, Arskal. "Dynamic Legal Pluralism in Indonesia: Contested Legal Orders in Contemporary Aceh." The Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law 42, no. 61 (January 2010): 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1080/07329113.2010.10756640.
Sani, Hanisah Binte Abdullah. "State Law and Legal Pluralism: Towards an Appraisal." The Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law 52, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 82–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/07329113.2020.1727726.
Sumardi, Dedy. "Islam, Pluralisme Hukum dan Refleksi Masyarakat Homogen." Asy-Syir'ah Jurnal Ilmu Syariah dan Hukum 50, no. 2 (2016): 24.
Tas, Latif. Legal Pluralism in Action: Dispute Resolution and the Kurdish Peace Committee. Farnham, Surrey, UK England: Ashgate, 2014.
Tusseau, Guillaume, ed. Debating Legal Pluralism and Constitutionalism: New Trajectories for Legal Theory in the Global Age. Vol. 41. Ius Comparatum - Global Studies in Comparative Law. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34432-0.
Ucin, Maria Carlota. "A Particular Dialogue Between Systems. The Argentinian Case." In Debating Legal Pluralism and Constitutionalism, edited by Guillaume Tusseau, 93–102. Ius Comparatum - Global Studies in Comparative Law. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34432-0_2.
Umam, Khairul. "Penyerapan Fiqh Madzhab Syafii dalam Penyusunan Kompilasi Hukum Islam." Journal de Jure 9, no. 2 (December 30, 2017): 117. https://doi.org/10.18860/j-fsh.v9i2.6991.
Zulkarnain, Zulkarnain. "Dinamika mazhab Shafii dengan cara Aceh: Studi tentang praktik mazhab di kalangan tokoh agama." Ijtihad Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan 15, no. 2 (January 22, 2016): 159. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijtihad.v15i2.159-176.
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01-12-2021
How to Cite
Muhazir, M. (2021). Islam, Fatwa dan Negara: Meretas Pluralisme Hukum Perceraian di Aceh. Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam, 15(2), 233–248. https://doi.org/10.24090/mnh.v15i2.5150
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